Biomimicry and Ecomimicry in Ecological Architectural Design

Abstract

From the perspective of architectural design, nature has attracted people's attention since the past, and has been a source of ideas and a model of solution method to design. The emergence of ecological problems caused by factors such as population growth, global warming, rapid urbanization, industrialization and misuse of renewable energy sources have reshaped the desire to learn from nature or adapt to nature in architectural design. Inspiration from nature, the formation process of living forms, form-system features and natural processes in architectural design has opened new doors in architectural design with sustainable and ecological solutions. At this point, biomimetics; It is a candidate to answer many problems in the field of architecture by producing innovative methods inspired by biological orders in order to be in harmony with nature and to design an ecological and sustainable environment. Although there are many studies in this field, it is not enough to be satisfied with this because the interest and importance of renewable energy sources is increasing day by day.Ecological architecture and ecomimicry overlap with each other in terms of being inspired by nature, taking nature as an example, and imitating nature. However, while biomimicry is perceived as a material-oriented design approach, ecomimicry aims to shape buildings and

 settlements over ecosystems in the future. In this case, it can be said that the surest and shortest way of harmony in architectural design compatible with nature is to base the design on the ecosystem, that is, ecomimicry. Therefore, the target in architectural design should be ecomimicry. However, ecomimicry and ecosystem-based building design, which seems attractive in theory, may encounter some difficulties in practice due to socioeconomic factors. However, it is understood that biomimetic designs will become widespread in the field of architecture and that biomimetic will become a candidate technique and discipline to eliminate environmental destruction in nature. In this study, by associating biomimetic with ecological architecture, one of the design approaches; ecological-based design, biomimetics and ecomimicry are discussed together. For this purpose, first the concept of ecological architecture and its applications are summarized, then the dimensions of harmony with nature, which is also the basis of ecological architecture, are expressed and finally the concepts of biomimicry and ecomimicry, which are considered the ultimate goal of harmony with nature, are explained with examples. This strategy, which also constitutes the method followed in the study, was developed with the analysis of biomimetic applications and the result was reached.