THE IMPACT OF REFERENDUM ON CONSTITUTIONAL LEGITIMACY IN POST-CONFLICT SOCIETIES: LESSONS FROM RWANDA

Abstract

This article critically examines how Referendum affects constitutional legitimacy in post-conflict societies, particularly in the case of Rwanda, a post-conflict and pursuing the trajectory of development State. However, this study analyzed the concepts of constitutional legitimacy, the impact of referendum on constitutional legitimacy and how constitutional referendum in Rwanda legitimized the Constitution after the conflict. The research showed that despite political challenges, the referendum is an important factor in the constitutional legitimacy of post-conflict Rwanda. The analysis reveals a substantial gap in Constitutional Theory, necessitating the development of a stronger theoretical and pragmatic frameworks for constitutional referendums, particularly considering their heightened application in post-conflict contexts. The findings underscore the need for a holistic strategy encompassing trust-building, inclusivity, legal compliance, transitional justice mechanisms, international support, effective implementation, adaptability, and sustained public awareness and civic education initiatives.  Such a comprehensive approach is essential to maximizing the contribution of referendums to constitutional legitimacy in post-conflict societies. The study concludes by recommending that the minority voices should be incorporated to enhance the constitutional legitimization in post-conflict democratic societies.