Inas (Girl) Sultanis in the Second Constitutional Monarcy Period Istanbul

Abstract

While there were many formal education institutions from primary school to higher education for male students in Ottoman Empire's civilian education system before the reforms of Mahmud II, it was only "Sıbyan Mektebi" that provides formal education institutions for female students at primary school level.  In 1859, Female students were also included to education reforms that started with Sultan Mahmud II, Cevri Kalfa Inas (girl) Rusdiyesi was opened in Divanyolu, that's providing education higher than  "Sıbyan mektebi". In 1880, İnas İdadisi which is opened in the same region and providing education higher than after "rusdiye" level was added to the girls' rüşdiyes which are increasing in number over time.  Due to the lack of students applying it was closed in 1882 and reopened in 1911. While in 1913, all Idadi's were being transformed to Sultani's, Istanbul's only inas high school is also transformed on 23 October 1913 and called as "İstanbul Inas Sultanisi". In the following years Çamlıca, Kandilli, Selçuk Hatun and Erenköy Inas Sultanis were opened in Istanbul. Due to the present conditions, instead of constructing new buildings, existing buildings were choosed and used.

In this study, Mahmud II Period education reforms, The "inas Sultanis" opened during the Second Constitutional Period and the architectural spaces of these schools were introduced. The plan scheme and facade features of the buildings examined in the study were evaluated and evaluated, and the traces of the changing social life and the arrangements made for the education of girls were traced.Key Words: Education, Educational Buildings, II. Constitutional Monarcy Period, Girls' Schools